The Moral Problem: Michael Smith

Introduction and ContextSo far it looks like if we’re moral realists (i.e., we believe there are objective moral facts) we are in deep doo-doo.  In Why Be Moral, Glaucon and Adeimantus compellingly argue that it’s better to appear moral than to actually be moral.  The Euthyphro dilemma shows that appealing to God can’t, on its […]

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Mill’s Utilitarianism Part 3: Proof of the Principle of Utilitarianism

Mill’s Utilitarianism, Chapter IV:  Of What Sort of Proof the Principle of Utility is Susceptible Note: For criticisms of Mill’s Proof see my later posts “Sidgwick’s Criticisms of Mill’s Proof” and “Moore’s Criticisms of Mill’s Proof” Favorite Quote: “…[Virtue] may be felt a good in itself, and desired as such with as great intensity as any other […]

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Mill’s Utilitarianism Part 2: Mill’s Argument for the Ultimate Sanction (What Can Compel Us to Consider General Happiness when We Act? )

Yo check it.  Weez about to learn about why (Mill thinks) we should be compelled to adopt and adhere to utilitarianism as the ultimate moral standard.  That is, why does a utilitarian ethic have binding force? Overview and RecapOk, so…like…’member utilitarianism?  It’s the idear that the moral goodness of an action is proportional to the […]

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Want to Discover Moral Truth? Part 2 "How to Be a Moral Realist" by R. Boyd

OverviewIn part 1 we looked at how Boyd draws an analogy between scientific realism and moral realism.  The first parallel is that there is a progressively recursive relationship between theory and experience.  The second is that there is a progressively recursive relationship between theory and method.  Check out part 1 if you’d like further elaboration…I’ve […]

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Objective Moral Values Don’t Exist: Mackie Part 1

Mackie on Objectivity/SubjectivityMackie’s Arguments from Relativity and Queerness Notes and Thoughts on J. L. Mackie’s Ethics:  Inventing Right and Wrong, Part 1IntroMackie represents the position in meta-ethics known a moral skepticism.  As you may have guessed, his position is typified by a strong belief in a god and objective moral values.  Jk. lol.  Actually, moral skepticism […]

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Hurrah/Boo Theory of Ethics: A. J. Ayer Part 2

The Case for EmotivismRecapIn part 1 we looked at Ayer’s arguments against the idea that any value assertion  (e.g. “x is good/right/bad”) by subjectivism, utilitarianism, or absolutism is not reducible to any testable claim, and is therefore meaningless, except as expressions of emotions of approval or disapproval.  So, for example, if I say “premarital sex is baaaaaaaaaaaad” […]

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Is it Ever OK to Break the Law?

Notes and Thoughts on H. L. A. Hart’s Grudge Informers and the Rule of LawOverviewWithin philosophy of law, the traditional main positions are what’s know as natural law and legal positivism.  Simply put, natural law is the idea that there is some sort of relationship between the law and morality (usually, law arises out of […]

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